DECREASING DISEASE RISKS FOR YOUR DOGS, PART 2

Desperado and Helpful Buckeye really enjoyed watching the movie, Hotel For Dogs, this past week! It came out within the past year, but we missed it when it was in the theater. When Helpful Buckeye saw it on a list of top ten movies about dogs, we picked it up at the library and we have to agree, it included more well-trained dogs than any other "dog" movie we've seen. We especially thought the lead dog, Friday, was a treat to watch. While watching the movie, with all the dogs going back and forth from the dog pound to the hotel, we reflected on a line from last week's issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats, "mingling dogs with varied or unknown health histories can present health problems for dogs as well as their owners." If you haven't already seen Hotel For Dogs, do yourself a big favor and find a copy. As for the line about health problems for dogs and their owners, the second part of Dogs' Social Lives and Disease Risks appears later in this issue.

Until December 15th, the People's HealthBlogger Award icon will be displayed at the top of the column to the left so that our readers can vote for Helpful Buckeye in the "competition" being sponsored by Wellsphere, the large health interest community on the Internet. Wellsphere has many different health communities for different interests and one of those is a Pet Health Community. That's where Helpful Buckeye spends some time each day, answering many questions from pet owners and exchanging ideas about dogs and cats. Wellsphere is conducting this People's HealthBlogger Award to recognize what they are calling their "Top Bloggers" and they want all of their bloggers to let their readers know about this award. You can vote for Helpful Buckeye anytime up until the 15th of December on their web site by clicking the "Vote Now" box in the newly-added "People's HealthBlogger Award" emblem and proceeding according to their instructions. Since most of Wellsphere's bloggers and readers are related to the human health fields, Helpful Buckeye has no delusions about competing at a high level in this voting. They are just getting started with the Pet Health Community this year. However, it would be nice to see that their readership for pet-related concerns is beginning to grow. Helpful Buckeye is grateful for the votes already received. So, as they say on Dancing With The Stars, please vote! And, if you have a few spare minutes, take the opportunity to move around the Wellsphere web site and sample some of their options...it's all free! Wellsphere can be found at: http://www.wellsphere.com/home.s

Last week's poll went pretty much true to form. With readers being able to choose multiple responses, there were a lot of answers and the most common response was the "boarding kennel." Close behind were dog parks and training classes. Don't forget to respond to this week's poll questions (yes, there are 2 of them) in the column to the left.

CURRENT NEWS OF INTEREST

1) A pet ferret in Oregon has tested positive for H1N1, swine flu. The owner reportedly had been experiencing some type of "flu" as well. Since ferrets are also susceptible to other types of dog viruses, this is bound to arouse further interest. Read the report at: http://www.avma.org/public_health/influenza/new_virus/ORferret_091020.asp

2) Helpful Buckeye has publicized Meet The Breeds, the big show of dogs and cat this past weekend in NYC. The turnout for this show was impressive: "This past weekend, the American Kennel Club® (AKC) and Cat Fanciers’ Association® (CFA) hosted 36,000 people over two days at Meet the Breeds™ presented by PetPartners, Inc., in New York City. With the participation of nearly 200 dog clubs and cat councils and the support of over 100 vendors and 16 sponsors, the event was an unqualified success, featuring more than 115,000 square feet of dog and cat festivities." That's a lot of people for a dog and cat show! For the rest of the details, go to: http://www.akc.org/meet_the_breeds/

3) "A pilot program to get disabled military veterans about 200 service dogs and study the impact passed the Senate Thursday as part of the 2010 defense authorization bill. The defense bill now awaits President Obama's signature."

Helpful Buckeye feels that this is a long overdue measure in caring for our returning disabled veterans. The way this story has developed is at: http://content.usatoday.com/communities/pawprintpost/post/2009/10/service-dogs-for-traumatized-vets-in-2010-defense-bill-/1

DISEASES, AILMENTS, AND MEDICAL CONDITIONS

Dogs' Social Lives and Disease Risks

Decreasing Disease Risks For Dogs, Their Owners, and Common Sense Measures For The Protection Of All

This will be the second part of the commentary compiled by The American Veterinary Medical Association. This information has been prepared as a service by the AVMA. Redistribution is acceptable, but the document's original content and format must be maintained, and its source must be prominently identified.

Intestinal parasites such as roundworms, hookworms, whipworms and tapeworms lay eggs that are passed in the dog's stool and infect other dogs when they eat contaminated soil, lick contaminated fur or paws, or drink water contaminated with the stool from infected dogs. Tapeworms are spread when dogs eat fleas, lice, or rodents infected with tapeworms.

These worms can cause malnutrition (because they steal nutrients as food is being digested) and diarrhea, and hookworms can cause blood loss. There are many products available to treat worms, and you should consult their veterinarian for the appropriate products for your pets.

Coccidia and Giardia are single-celled parasites that damage the lining of the intestine. Dogs can become infected with coccidia by eating infected soil or licking contaminated paws or fur. Puppies are at the highest risk of infection and illness.

Kennel cough can be caused by a combination of viruses and bacteria. It is very contagious and your dog can become infected if it comes into contact with an infected dog. Dogs with kennel cough may not seem ill in the early stages of the disease but they can still infect other dogs. Most commonly, dogs with kennel cough will have a snotty nose and a dry, hacking cough.

There are vaccines for kennel cough, but not all dogs need to receive the vaccine. Consult your veterinarian about whether or not the kennel cough (Bordetella) vaccine is right for your dog.

Leptospirosis is caused by species of the Leptospira bacteria. The bacteria are shed in the urine of infected animals, and animals and people usually become infected by drinking contaminated water or coming into contact with contaminated soil or food. Dogs infected with Leptospira may develop fever, muscle weakness, vomiting, lethargy, abdominal pain, and kidney or liver failure. There is a vaccine for leptospirosis; consult your veterinarian about whether or not the vaccine is appropriate for your dog. Some canine distemper combination vaccines include a Leptospira vaccine.

Any mammal is capable of being infected with the virus that causes rabies. Most dog parks and organized dog gatherings require proof of rabies vaccination, but some do not. Rabies is caused by the rabies virus and is 100% fatal in animals once they start to show signs of disease. The virus is spread by saliva, either by a bite from an infected animal or by saliva contaminating a skin wound. In addition, any contact with wildlife (including bats) can introduce the risk of rabies infection. Raccoons, skunks and other wild animals can carry the rabies virus and may be present in areas where dogs gather.

Fortunately, rabies infection is preventable with vaccination. Many local and state governments require regular rabies vaccination for dogs.

Regional wildlife and feral animals mixing with dogs can increase the risk of diseases, such as rabies and plague, as well as the risk of injury. In some areas of the U.S., prairie dogs often invade dog parks. Prairie dogs carry fleas that can carry the bacteria that causes plague (Dogs are thought to be immune to plague but these fleas can bite their owners and infect them). Skunks, raccoons, foxes, feral cats and pigs, and other wildlife can also carry rabies and other diseases that can infect dogs. Feral dogs present disease and injury risks.

Although its name suggests it's a worm, ringworm is actually due to fungal infection of the skin. It can be spread by contact with an infected dog, its bedding or something that has come in contact with the infected dog. The fungus can also survive in the soil. Ringworm gets its name because it often causes circular patches of hair loss. Some dogs will excessively scratch the areas, while others may not be itchy. Many dogs will recover without treatment, but they are often treated to prevent them from spreading the infection to other dogs or to people.

Tick-borne diseases (hemobartonellosis, babesiosis, ehrlichiosis, rickettsial diseases such as Lyme disease, and others) can infect dogs. Some diseases are more common in specific areas of the U.S. These diseases can cause anemia (blood loss), lameness, weakness, lethargy, organ failure, and even death. The best way to prevent these diseases is to prevent tick bites. There are many products available that reduce tick bites and kill ticks on dogs; consult your veterinarian about the best product for your dog. Check your dog for ticks after any outside dog gatherings and remove the tick(s) as soon as possible.

Toxic plants can cause a variety of illnesses. Some ornamental plants can be very toxic to animals. Cocoa mulch is also toxic to dogs. For more information about toxic plants, visit the ASPCA's Animal Poison Control Center Web site or call them at: 888-426-4435.

Disease Risks For People

People attending dog social events can be at risk of zoonotic diseases, which are diseases that spread from animals to people. Some of these diseases can be spread directly from dogs to people, while other diseases may come from the environment where the dog social gathering is taking place.

Cryptosporidiosis is caused by a single-celled, microscopic parasite that lives in the intestines and can be present in high numbers in the stool of infected animals or people. It is generally spread by the fecal-oral route, meaning that a person or animal comes in contact with the stool (or a surface or soil contaminated by the stool) of an infected animal or person then touches their mouth or eats or drinks something; often, the person can't see their hands are contaminated, and they accidentally eat the parasite and become infected. Infection can also come from swimming in or drinking contaminated water. People infected with Cryptosporidium may develop stomach cramps, diarrhea, vomiting and fever.

Dog bites are always a risk when people and dogs come together. Most people are bitten by their own dog or a dog they know. At dog gatherings, people may be bitten when they try to break up a dog fight. Prevention is the best method for avoiding dog bites. Socialize your dog and train it to be obedient. Neutered and spayed dogs are less likely to bite. Be a responsible dog owner and be careful around unfamiliar dogs.

All dog bites should be immediately cleaned with soap and water and the rabies vaccination status of the biting dog should be determined. If bitten, consult your physician. Some states require animal bites to be reported to local health authorities, so be sure to notify them as well, if necessary.

People can be infected by several species of tapeworms. Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus can infect people who come into contact with the infected animal's stool (or anything, including the animal's fur, that is contaminated with stool). The symptoms of disease vary with the type of worm, but can include respiratory or digestive problems.

Just like their dogs, people can become the victims of external parasites, such as fleas, ticks and Cheyletiella mites. Itching and bumps with dark/blackened centers may occur with Cheyletiella infestation. Flea bites cause itching and raised, reddened skin. In certain parts of the U.S., certain types of fleas can carry diseases such as plague. Ticks are capable of transmitting tick-borne diseases such as ehrlichiosis, babesiosis, Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever and others. People can also become infected with the mange mite that causes sarcoptic mange in dogs and develop itchy, reddened skin.

This concludes the second part of this series on keeping your dog healthy. The third part will appear in next week's issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats. Helpful Buckeye has already discussed several of these problems in further detail in previous issues and those topics can be found in the listing under "Labels" in the left column.

Any questions or comments should be sent to: dogcatvethelp@gmail.com or entered at the "Comment" icon at the end of this issue.

NON-MEDICAL CONCERNS

1) Ken, from Flagstaff, saw this reference and thought our readers would enjoy this video of Cardio-Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR): http://www.postchronicle.com/news/health/article_212263448.shtml?rssfeed Read the short article that is referenced and then click on the play icon for the video of a veterinarian showing how to perform CPR on your pet. Thanks to Ken for contributing to our readers' awareness of this vital tool.

2) The ASPCA has provided these Halloween costume tips for those of you who might be costuming your pets:

If the Shoe Doesn’t Fit: Halloween Costume Tips for Your Furry Friends

Even though our fur kids can look smashing in a pumpkin or pirate costume specifically made for their four-legged frames, many pets can have adverse reactions to a constrictive outfit or its irritating materials. Remember, pet parents, animals are most comfortable hanging out in their birthday suits. But in the spirit of all that’s ghoulish, the ASPCA offers some helpful costume tips to keep you and your pet singing “trick-or-treat!” all the way to November 1.

• Schedule a dress rehearsal and try on all costumes well before the big night. Please don't put your dog or cat in a costume UNLESS you know he or she loves it (yup, a few pets are real hams!). If your pet seems distressed or shows abnormal behavior, consider letting him go au naturale or in a simple, festive bandana.


• Does your pet have sensitive skin? Even those with hearty coats can have allergic reactions to the synthetic materials found in many costumes. While you ride a sugar high, your pet might be uncomfortably scratching the night away.


• If you do dress up your pet, be sure the costume isn't annoying or unsafe, and make absolutely sure it doesn’t limit your pet’s movement, hearing, vision or ability to breathe or bark. Ill-fitting outfits can get twisted on external objects or your pet, which can lead to injury.


• It’s best to avoid costumes with lots of sequins or other dangling parts that your pet could eat or choke on. If your pet ingests something poisonous, immediately contact your vet or the ASPCA’s 24-hour poison control hotline at (888) 426-4435.
  

PRODUCT OF THE WEEK

How many of you already have one of these "hottest, must-have" items for your pet? Take a look at this: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/19/pet-pillow-the-ultimate-in-creature-comfort/#

GENERAL INTEREST

1) Last week, Helpful Buckeye told you about termite- and bedbug-sniffing dogs that are getting some attention. Well, "To Troy, Ernie, Chance, and the other muscular, well-fed, and extremely enthusiastic dogs who search for illegal cell phones inside New Jersey's thirteen state prisons, the smell of a cell phone is bliss." Read the rest of this very interesting account from The New Yorker at: http://www.newyorker.com/talk/2009/10/19/091019ta_talk_frazier

2) Nora, the cat, has been chosen by the ASPCA as their "Cat of the Year." You've read about Nora in a previous issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats and this is your chance to see some more of her piano talent on display...for your listening pleasure: http://www.aspca.org/news/national/10-23-09.html be sure to click on the play icon. Helpful Buckeye suspects that some people can't play this well!

3) This is a great story about a cat, Percy, in England, that rides the train to an aquarium, goes inside to watch the fish, then returns home by train...all by himself: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/20/british-cat-catches-local-train-to-visit-penguins-and-fish/

4) Here's a tale about the development of the "Pooper Scooper" and why it might not be as popular as it once was, from The New York Times: http://cityroom.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/10/21/pooper-scooper/

5) For those of you who are brave (or foolish) enough to have attempted grooming your own dog, look at these before and after photos of how the pros do it: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/18/top-pet-groomers-share-before-and-after-pictures-of-extreme-dog/ These are sort of the professional and pure breed version of the extreme makeover you saw last week when the 11-lb. dog got rid of 9-lb. of ugly, matted hair in Idaho.

SPORTS NEWSThe LA Dodgers gave up the ghost earlier this week to the Phillies. We had the tying game in the win column when our high-priced closer decided to make it easy for the Phillies...and we disappeared without even a whimper. I won't even say, "Wait 'til next year" because the Dodgers need to earn back my support.

On the other hand, the Pittsburgh Steelers met one of the last undefeated teams in the league today, the Vikings, and really showed the Vikings what a tough defense can do for a team. This big win will be savored for awhile, with our bye week coming up.

PERSONAL STUFF

Monday, 19 October, 35 MPH gusts, whitecaps on the lake, tough bike ride....




Helpful Buckeye has 2 quotes from Leigh Hunt (1784-1859), English writer, that contribute to our sense of order and appreciation: "Colors are the smiles of nature"

and "It is books that teach us to refine our pleasures when young, and to recall them with satisfaction when we are old."

~~The goal of this blog is to provide general information and advice to help you be a better pet owner and to have a more rewarding relationship with your pet. This blog does not intend to replace the professional one-on-one care your pet receives from a practicing veterinarian. When in doubt about your pet's health, always visit a veterinarian.~~

DECREASING DISEASE RISKS FOR YOUR DOGS...

Keeping your dog healthy can present many of the same challenges as keeping your cat healthy (from last week's issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats); however, since dogs and their owners tend to be a little more social in their gatherings, there are additional considerations for "Decreasing Disease Risks For Your Dogs." Helpful Buckeye will address this topic a little later in this issue.

Until December 15th, the People's HealthBlogger Award icon will be displayed at the top of the column to the left so that our readers can vote for Helpful Buckeye in the "competition" being sponsored by Wellsphere, the large health interest community on the Internet. Wellsphere has many different health communities for different interests and one of those is a Pet Health Community. That's where Helpful Buckeye spends some time each day, answering many questions from pet owners and exchanging ideas about dogs and cats. Wellsphere is conducting this People's HealthBlogger Award to recognize what they are calling their "Top Bloggers" and they want all of their bloggers to let their readers know about this award. You can vote for Helpful Buckeye anytime up until the 15th of December on their web site by clicking the "Vote Now" box in the newly-added "People's HealthBlogger Award" emblem and proceeding according to their instructions. Since most of Wellsphere's bloggers and readers are related to the human health fields, Helpful Buckeye has no delusions about competing at a high level in this voting. They are just getting started with the Pet Health Community this year. However, it would be nice to see that their readership for pet-related concerns is beginning to grow. Helpful Buckeye is grateful for the votes already received. So, as they say on Dancing With The Stars, please vote! And, if you have a few spare minutes, take the opportunity to move around the Wellsphere web site and sample some of their options...it's all free! Wellsphere can be found at: http://www.wellsphere.com/home.s

Last week's poll question left almost all of you with a surprise. There were 17 guesses, both at the poll and by e-mail, and all but 1 guessed France and Italy. They were incorrect. The one person, Sam from Atlanta, who guessed Germany was correct. "Breed historians are in general agreement that the Poodle had its origins in Germany, with some influence from Russia and then became standardized as a distinct breed in France where it is the national dog. That is why many people today refer to the Poodle with the misnomer of "French" Poodle. In Germany the Poodle (from the German word pudel - meaning "to splash in water") was a very sturdy dog, that possessed two coat types, curly and corded. The corded type of coat is rarely seen in the United States, but is still in existence." From: http://www.barkbytes.com/history/poodle.htm

Don't forget to respond to this week's poll question in the column to the left.

OK, now it's time for Helpful Buckeye to lace up the blogging shoes and get to work!
From The New Yorker:

CURRENT NEWS OF INTEREST

1) The American Kennel Club and the Cat Fanciers' Association have been very active this past week in anticipation of their joint venture in New York City held yesterday and today. Meet the Breeds was the world's largest showcase of cats and dogs. The event offered cat and dog lovers the rare opportunity to meet nearly 200 breeds and interact with dogs, cats, puppies, and kittens. As part of the pre-show festivities, several dogs and cats participated in the ringing of the opening bell for the NASDAQ portion of the stock market...click through the pictures at: http://www.akc.org/press_center/NASDAQcoverage.cfm

Then, go to: http://www.akc.org/meet_the_breeds/ and click on Meet The Breeds Video....

2) The AKC and CFA also announced the results of their poll on which species was more popular, dogs or cats. Dogs were the ultimate winners but cats made a strong showing in several cities: http://www.akc.org/news/index.cfm?article_id=3990

DISEASES, AILMENTS, AND MEDICAL CONDITIONS

Dogs' Social Lives and Disease Risks

Decreasing Disease Risks For Dogs, Their Owners, And Common Sense Measures For The Protection Of All

Helpful Buckeye has reproduced this commentary from a presentation of The American Veterinary Medical Association. This information has been prepared as a service by the AVMA. Redistribution is acceptable, but the document's original content and format must be maintained, and its source must be prominently identified.

Whether it's the dog park, doggie day care, boarding, competitions or training classes, mingling dogs with varied or unknown health histories can present health problems for dogs as well as their owners. The very reason you take your dog to a dog gathering – social mixing with other dogs – is the same thing that can put them at risk. Diseases can be spread through direct contact between dogs, shared bowls and equipment, contaminated water, stool, insects and other methods. People who visit these areas and interact with the dogs may also become infected with zoonotic diseases, which are diseases that can be spread from animals to people. In addition, any gathering that puts people and dogs together introduces the risk of dog bites.

As always, your veterinarian is your best source for animal health information. If your dog is showing signs of illness, consult your veterinarian for diagnosis and treatment. If you feel you have been exposed or made ill by any of the conditions listed below, consult a physician.
This information isn't intended to scare dog owners away from participating in and enjoying social events involving dogs; rather, it is intended to inform you of the risks and some common sense measures that can decrease the disease risks for you and your dog(s).

Disease Risks For Dogs

The following is a list of the most common diseases to which your dog(s) may be exposed at a dog gathering. There may be specific risks in your area that are not listed. For more information about specific diseases in your area, consult your veterinarian.

People can also spread some diseases (such as mange, ringworm, kennel cough and canine influenza) from dog to dog through shared brushes, collars, bedding, etc. or by petting or handling an infected dog before petting or handling another dog.

Canine distemper is caused by a very contagious virus. Puppies and dogs usually become infected through virus particles in the air or in the respiratory secretions of infected dogs. Infected dogs typically develop runny eyes, fever, snotty nose, coughing, vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, and paralysis. It is often fatal.

Fortunately, there is an effective vaccine to protect your dog from this deadly disease. The canine distemper vaccine is considered a "core" vaccine and is recommended for every dog.

Canine influenza ("canine flu" or "dog flu") is caused by the canine influenza virus. It is a relatively new disease in dogs. Because most dogs have not been exposed to the virus, their immune systems are not able to fully respond to the virus and many of them will become infected when they are exposed. Canine influenza is spread through respiratory secretions, contaminated objects (including surfaces, bowls, collars and leashes). The virus can survive for up to 48 hours on surfaces, up to 24 hours on clothing, and up to 12 hours on people's hands.

Dogs can be shedding the virus before they even show signs of illness, which means an apparently healthy dog can still infect other dogs. Dogs with canine influenza develop coughing, a fever and a snotty nose, which are the same signs observed when a dog has kennel cough.

There is a vaccine for canine influenza, but at this time it is not recommended for every dog. Consult your veterinarian to determine if the canine influenza vaccine is recommended for your dog.

Canine parvovirus ("parvo") is caused by the canine parvovirus type 2. The virus is very contagious and attacks the gastrointestinal system, causing fever, vomiting and severe, often bloody, diarrhea. It is spread by direct contact between dogs as well as by contaminated stool, surfaces, bowls, collars, leashes, equipment, and the hands and clothing of people. It can also survive in the soil for years, making the virus hard to kill. Treating parvo can be very expensive and many dogs die from parvo despite intensive treatment.

Fortunately, there is a vaccine for parvo. It is considered a "core" vaccine and is recommended for every dog.

External parasites (ticks, fleas and mange) are fairly common dog problems. Ticks from the environment, fleas from other dogs and the environment, and mange from other dogs pose risks at dog gatherings. Ticks can transmit diseases (see tick-borne diseases below). Fleas can transmit some types of tapeworms as well as some diseases, and they may end up infesting your home and yard if they hitchhike home on your dog(s).

There are many approved products available to effectively prevent and treat external parasites on dogs. Consult your veterinarian about the best product for your dog.

Cheyletiella mites cause "walking dandruff" on dogs (itching and flaky skin on the dog's trunk). They are spread from dog to dog by direct contact, and may require more aggressive treatment than fleas.

Fertilizers and pesticides can be toxic to dogs. Avoid letting your pet walk, run, play or roam in areas that have recently been treated with fertilizers or pesticides.

Fungal organisms in the soil can infect dogs when they eat or sniff contaminated soil. Dogs can also be infected through the skin, especially through a skin wound. The types of fungus seen vary throughout the U.S.: histoplasmosis is more common in the Eastern and Central U.S.; blastomycosis is more common in the Southeast, Southcentral and Midwest regions; cryptococcosis is more common in the Pacific Northwest region; and coccidioidomycosis is more common in the Southwest U.S. Histoplasmosis can be also be spread by bird or bat droppings.

In general, the fungus infects the body through the respiratory tract and causes fever, coughing, lethargy and flu-like or pneumonia-like signs. If eaten, digestive problems (e.g., pain, diarrhea) can occur. Immunosuppressed dogs (dogs whose immune systems are weakened because of disease or certain medications) are much more likely to become infected with these fungi and develop disease.

Heartworms are spread by mosquitoes and can cause coughing, lethargy, difficulty breathing, heart disease and death. Fortunately, there are many approved products to prevent heartworm infection. Consult your veterinarian about the best product for your dog.

Heatstroke and heat exhaustion are big risks during warm and hot weather. Remember that your dog is always wearing a fur coat and they are usually warmer than you are. A temperature that seems only a little warm to a person can be too hot for a dog. Add to that the fact that dogs at dog gatherings are often active and playing, and the heat could become deadly for your dog. Never leave your pet in the car on warm days. Even a 70°F day can be too hot in a car. Short-nosed breeds, such as pugs, Boston Terriers, boxers, bulldogs, etc. are more prone to heatstroke and breathing problems because they don't pant as effectively as breeds with normal-length noses.

Signs of heatstroke include excessive panting and drooling, anxiousness, weakness, abnormal gum color (darker red or even purple), collapse and death.

Any dog showing signs of heatstroke should be immediately taken to a shaded area and cooled with cold, wet towels that are wrung out and rewetted every few minutes. Running cool water over the dog's body and quickly wiping it away (so the water absorbs the skin's heat and is immediately wiped away) can also help. Transport the dog to a veterinarian immediately, because heatstroke can rapidly become deadly.

Injuries can arise any time unfamiliar dogs and/or dogs with different temperaments are mixed. Bite wounds should be immediately evaluated by a veterinarian and efforts should be made to determine the rabies vaccination status of the biting dog. Overweight dogs and dogs accustomed to more sedentary lifestyles should be encouraged to become more active, but excessive activity can put them at risk of injury to joints, bones or muscles. If your dog is overweight and/or you plan to increase its activity level, consult with your veterinarian about the best plan to get your dog active with the least risk of injury.

This concludes the first part of this series on keeping your dog healthy. The second part will appear in next week's issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats. Helpful Buckeye has already discussed several of these problems in detail in previous issues and those topics can be found in the listing under "Labels" in the left column.

Any questions or comments should be sent to: dogcatvethelp@gmail.com or entered at the "Comment" icon at the end of this issue.

NON-MEDICAL CONCERNS

Looking to escape your hometown haunts for a wilderness hike? Don't forget your pooch! Dogs love to explore our country's vast natural resources as much their two-legged counterparts—not to mention, hiking is great exercise for all. But remember, a hiking trail isn't your average walk around the block. The ASPCA offers some helpful tips for keeping you and your pet safe and sound on your outdoor adventures.

• Extending leashes are great for wide open spaces, but if your romp is taking you through wooded areas, it's best to leave the flexi-leads at home. Otherwise, you'll probably spend more time untangling your dog's leash from trees and brush than you will enjoying your walk!



• If your pup is the trustworthy sort and you want to give him the opportunity to enjoy some untethered time on your hike, first make sure that dogs are allowed to be off-leash in the area you're exploring. Second, be sure that he responds reliably to your recall command—even the most obedient dog might bolt after some fascinating new critter.



• Hard to believe, but not everyone is as enamored with dogs as we are! Some people get very nervous around unleashed dogs. As a courtesy, have a leash on standby to clip to your dog when encountering other hikers.



• Whether you're using a leash or not, don't forget IDs, please! Always make sure that your current contact information, including your cell phone number, is attached to your dog's collar or body harness. If for any reason your pet gets lost, a collar and tags and a microchip will increase the likelihood that he or she will be returned to you.



• You never know what you may encounter on a hike—so before setting out into the wilderness, check your pet's veterinary records and make sure its vaccinations are up-to-date.



• Training tip: Teach your dog to come to you for treats whenever you pass by other hikers, especially if they have dogs, too. Your dog will learn to not interfere with passersby, and at the same time, you're ensuring it associates new people and dogs with good things, like tasty treats from you.



• If a poop falls in the woods and no one else sees it, do you get a free pass? NO! There's no such thing as a victimless poop. Please have respect for your surroundings, native wildlife and fellow hikers by scooping up after your dog and toting the baggie back to civilization if there are no trash cans around.



• Both of you need to stay hydrated, so bring enough water for two. Don't allow your pup to drink from puddles, ponds, lakes or streams—in other words, "nature's dog bowls"—as they may contain nasty parasites or toxins that could cause it harm.



• When your hike is finished, give your pooch a thorough once-over for ticks and other creepy-crawlies. Pay special attention to its belly, ears, and any skin folds and crevices. If you do spot a tick, treat the area with rubbing alcohol and remove the parasite immediately by slowly pulling it off with tweezers. Be careful when removing a tick, as any contact with its blood can potentially transmit infection to your dog or even to you. Wash the bite area and keep an eye on it for the next few days—if irritation persists, contact your vet.

Enjoy your hiking experiences with your dog, as well as the other canine social activities discussed in the previous section. If you have any interesting tales (tails?) to tell about those experiences, send them to Helpful Buckeye at: dogcatvethelp@gmail.com and we'll share them with our readers.

PRODUCTS OF THE WEEK

1) If you're looking for fashion as well as function in a pet carrier, the folks at http://sleepypod.com/ might have just what you want. You can read a review of this dual-purpose product at: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/13/pet-product-review-sleepypod/

2) If you want a luxurious bed for your pet, the web site for you might be: http://www.puppyhugger.com/ A review of some of their offerings can be read at: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/13/product-review-puppy-huggers/



GENERAL INTEREST

1) Our regular readers will recall the item last week about dogs that were turned loose with paints and a canvas: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/08/painting-pups-when-dogs-let-loose-on-canvas/ Well, Ken, my good buddy here in Flagstaff, and our "resident" entomologist, asked the question, "Just exactly which of those paint colors can dogs see?"

Here is a comparison of the color vision capabilities of dogs and humans:

As you can see, the reds and greens are not part of what a dog can see. The conclusion from this would be that the dogs doing those paintings either picked those colors by accident or were provided them by an "assistant."

2) According to studies done by the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center, the trace amount of lead found in pet toys is NOT enough to warrant any concerns at this time: http://www.aspca.org/news/national/10-16-09.html

3) Just in case you weren't aware of how quickly the pet population can explode into huge numbers of unwanted cats and dogs, the SPCA International gives us this statistic: An unspayed cat and her offspring can produce more than 400,000 cats over time. An unspayed dog and her offspring can produce over 6,000 puppies during the same time.

4) "A miniature dachshund, Henry, is walking again after pioneering treatment that took stem cells from his nose and implanted them in his back to fix his damaged spine." So goes the headline from this exciting story from Cambridge, England. Read about Henry's ongoing recovery from paralysis of his rear legs due to a back injury: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/health/healthnews/6271043/Paralysed-dog-cured-by-stem-cell-treatment.html

5) The AKC has another poll for you. This one is Part 2 of "Favorite Movie Dog": http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/12/poll-who-is-your-favorite-movie-dog-part-2/ Helpful Buckeye's favorite from this group is "Einstein"....

6) Just when you thought you had heard all of the possible human jobs that could be done by a dog, along comes Barney, the Basset Hound. Barney has been trained as a "sniffer" of termites, bedbugs, and other insects: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/14/bed-bug-sniffing-dogs-from-pet-shop-to-pest-stopping/

7) Imagine your reaction if you were the animal control officer in Idaho who answered the call about an unusual looking animal in someone's back yard...and you found this:

Read the rest of this dog's pathetic story at: http://www.rexburgstandardjournal.com/articles/2009/10/14/news/41.txt and just to make you feel a little better about the dog, here is what it looked like after being trimmed:
SPORTS NEWS

The LA DODGERS split the first 2 games of the NL Championship Series with the Phillies and now are in Philadelphia for the next 3 games. Even though losing 1 of the home games, I still like our chances. We'll either be in the World Series by next week's issue or we'll be kicking back for the winter!

The PITTSBURGH STEELERS beat the Browns today, while the Ravens and Bengals lost...so, we gained a whole game on each of our division rivals.

PERSONAL STUFF

Here's a tip of the "plumed" hat to the Four Musketeers..."Tous pour un, et un pour tous!"

"The reason a dog has so many friends is that he wags his tail instead of his tongue."

-Anonymous

To all of our loyal readers, a sentiment from Roy Rogers, Dale Evans, and "Tinkertown":

~~The goal of this blog is to provide general information and advice to help you be a better pet owner and to have a more rewarding relationship with your pet. This blog does not intend to replace the professional one-on-one care your pet receives from a practicing veterinarian. When in doubt about your pet's health, always visit a veterinarian.~~

KEEPING YOUR CAT HEALTHY....

A few months ago, Helpful Buckeye discussed "How to Know if Your Cat is Sick," "Getting Your Cat to Your Veterinarian," "Cat Traveling Tips," and "Care For the Aging Cat" in one issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats, which readers can find at: http://questionsondogsandcats.blogspot.com/2009/06/know-more-about-your-cat.html#comments

Erica, from Baton Rouge, LA, sent an e-mail to say that she understands what those topics offered, but that she would like something that provides some guidance for keeping her cat healthy so that she doesn't have to be confronted with those other feline concerns. Well, Erica, thanks for the suggestion...you'll get your wish later in this week's issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats. In addition, Helpful Buckeye is even going to use a phrase from your request as the title of this week's issue.

A while ago, Helpful Buckeye was selected as a Top HealthBlogger and Featured Expert on Wellsphere, which is a large health community on the Internet, at: http://www.wellsphere.com/home.s . Wellsphere has many different health communities for different interests and one of those is a Pet Health Community. That's where Helpful Buckeye spends some time each day, answering many questions from pet owners and exchanging ideas about dogs and cats. Wellsphere has just this week announced a People's HealthBlogger Award they will be presenting in mid-December to what they are calling their "Top Bloggers" and they want all of their bloggers to let their readers know about this award. You can vote for Helpful Buckeye anytime up until the 15th of December on their web site by clicking the "Vote Now" box in the newly-added "People's HealthBlogger Award" emblem at the top of the left column and proceeding according to their instructions. Since most of Wellsphere's bloggers and readers are related to the human health fields, Helpful Buckeye has no delusions about competing at a high level in this voting. They are just getting started with the Pet Health Community this year. However, it would be nice to see that their readership for pet-related concerns is beginning to grow. So, as they say on Dancing With The Stars, please vote! And, if you have a few spare minutes, take the opportunity to move around the Wellsphere web site and sample some of their options...it's all free!

Last week's poll question about dressing up your pet for Halloween aroused a lot of interest, both in the voting and by e-mail. There were 23 responses and 19 of them said they would never dress up their pets for Halloween. That's a pretty decisive number, don't you think? Don't forget to vote in this week's poll question in the column to your left.

CURRENT NEWS OF INTEREST

1) Pets could be called 'wonder drugs'

COLUMBIA, Mo. (UPI) -- Pets lower hypertension, spur exercise and improve psychological health, and if this appeared in pill form it would be called a wonder drug, a U.S. researcher says. "Research in this field is providing new evidence on the positive impact pets have in our lives," Rebecca Johnson, an associate professor in the University of Missouri Sinclair School of Nursing, the College of Veterinary Medicine and director of the Research Center for Human-Animal Interaction, says in a statement. Johnson says the International Society for Anthrozoology and Human-Animal Interaction Conference in Kansas City, Mo., Oct. 20-25 will include conference discussions on ways that human-animal interaction benefits humans and animals. "Pets are of great importance to people, especially during hard economic times," Johnson says. "Pets provide unconditional love and acceptance and may be part of answers to societal problems, such as inactivity and obesity." ReCHAI sponsored the Walk a Hound, Lose a Pound and Stay Fit for Seniors program that matched older adults with shelter dogs, while another group of older adults walked with humans. For 12 weeks, participants were encouraged to walk on an outdoor trail for one hour, five times a week. "The older people who walked their dogs improved their walking capabilities by 28 percent," Johnson says. "They had more confidence walking on the trail, and they increased their speed. Those who walked with humans had a 4 percent increase in their walking capabilities."

That's quite an impressive difference between walking with your dog and your human friend!

2) A new variant of the Canine Parvovirus has shown up. The American Veterinary Medical Association has put together a Q&A about this variant that you can read at: http://www.avma.org/animal_health/canine_parvovirus_faq.asp One of the important points made in this presentation is that: Although there is no vaccine to specifically prevent Canine Parvovirus-2c infection, studies have shown that all of the currently available vaccines produced by the five major vaccine manufacturers, when administered appropriately, provide excellent immunity to all variants of the canine parvovirus.


That's good news for all dogs (and their owners)!

3) The annual Columbus Day parade in New York City this year will be featuring a tribute to dog breeds of Italian heritage, as reported by the American Kennel Club. The AKC says that, "For the first time ever the parade will include a procession of rare Italian dog breeds, recognizing Italy’s great contributions to the dog world. The one million parade spectators will enjoy a contingency of over 30 marchers and 13 furry friends including the Bergamasco, an ancient shepherding breed with a striking coat of dense, flat mats that reach the ground; as well as the Cirneco dell’Etna, an ancient dog used in Sicily for rabbit hunting; the Lagotto Romagnolo, a dog from Northwest Italy with thick curly hair and a history dating back to the 16th century and the only two native Italian gun-dog breeds, the Bracco Italiano and Spinone Italiano. There are only 3 dog breeds recognized by the AKC that hail from Italy, the Italian Greyhound, the Neapolitan Mastiff, and the Spinone Italiano.





DISEASES, AILMENTS, AND MEDICAL CONDITIONS

Keeping Your Cat Healthy

You can maintain your cat's overall health in two important ways:1) schedule an annual preventive visit (including shots and an examination) with your veterinarian as well as other visits as needed; and 2) perform daily home examinations—petting and health care go hand in glove.

Do a nose-to-tail checkup every time you cuddle with your cat on the couch. Call your veterinarian if you detect any abnormalities during these regular checks. Start with the head. Are your cat's ears clean and pink? Do they give off an unpleasant odor? Have mites appeared as a black, waxy mess inside the ears? Are the eyes bright, clear, focused, and free of discharge? Are the gums pink and the teeth clean? Has tartar appeared along the gum line? Is your cat's breath inoffensive? Don't check a cat's nose to see if it's cold and damp—contrary to myth, this is not a sign of health.

Proceed to a neck-to-tail inspection. Feel your cat's body for lumps, bumps, puffiness, sores, and any irregularities. Also look for flea dirt (which resembles black pepper and turns red when wet), scratches, and parasites. Be sure to check behind the ears, between the toes, and down the entire length of the tail.

Next, treat your feline companion to a good brushing. Rubber curry brushes are excellent at removing dead skin cells and loose hair. Fine-toothed metal combs are specifically designed to lift fleas out of the coat. It's important to brush your cat daily to remove as much loose hair as possible. When cats groom themselves, they ingest a great deal of hair, which is often vomited out as hairballs. If your cat brings up hair, talk to your veterinarian to evaluate the situation and find out about hairball remedies.

Keeping your cat's claws clipped is an important part of grooming. If not kept at the proper length, a cat's claws can actually grow into the paw pads, so attend to the claws weekly. If you have never trimmed a cat's claws, have your veterinarian show you how. Briefly, you should snip off just the sharp tip (about an eighth of an inch) of each claw. Do not clip into the pink section of the nail, where a blood vessel and nerve endings reside.

All cat owners should have at least one book on cat care (recommended by a veterinarian) that includes a section on emergency first aid. Home care alone is not appropriate in most cases of serious illness or injury; there are also some emergency procedures that could keep your pet relatively comfortable on the way to the veterinarian. Familiarize yourself with emergency procedures before an emergency happens.

Never give your cat any medications, including aspirin, without the advice of your veterinarian. Many common human drugs (like acetaminophen [Tylenol]) are poisonous to cats.

Detecting Illness in Your Cat

Cats can't tell us where or when it hurts. In fact, many animals will try to mask pain or illness. That's why it is extremely important that you get to know your cat's regular habits and behaviors. Any deviation from his or her normal behavior could indicate a problem with his or her health. Some symptoms and behaviors are obvious: diarrhea, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, runny nose or eyes, and trouble using the litter box. There are other, more subtle, physical and behavioral signs that might indicate a trip to the vet is in order. Take note if your cat does any of the following:

• Misses more than one meal


• Shows a sudden change in eating habits


• Stops using the litter box


• Develops puffiness or a lump under the skin


• Hides for more than a day


• Becomes suddenly short-tempered or intolerant of attention


• Shakes his head frequently


• Changes his routine or loses interest in his favorite games


• Stops grooming

7 Cat Emergency Signs From CatChannel.com

Arnold Plotnick, DVM

Although some emergencies can be managed at home, others require immediate veterinary attention:

• Non-responsiveness: A non-responsive kitten is usually in serious trouble. If you get no response or reaction when you call, stroke or touch your kitten, immediately check its breathing. Airway obstruction, cardiac arrest and poisonings are a few things that can cause non-responsiveness.


• Labored breathing: Respiratory problems require immediate attention. Fluid in the lungs or the chest cavity can obstruct breathing and kittens can go into respiratory arrest, followed by cardiac arrest, if untreated.


• Drooling profusely: Electric cord burns to the mouth and tongue, contact with household poisons or plants and nausea from other systemic illnesses can cause profuse drooling.


• Incessant vomiting: Serious electrolyte abnormalities and dehydration can occur from continuous vomiting. Intestinal obstruction from a ribbon, rubber band or string is a common cause of chronic vomiting in kittens and requires immediate attention.


• Profuse diarrhea: Diarrhea can cause severe dehydration and electrolyte imbalances leading to rapid deterioration in kittens if not addressed promptly.


• Abnormal coloration of the gums: Pale gums imply anemia, bluish gums suggest a cardiac or respiratory problem and yellow gums denote red blood cell destruction or severe liver disease. All of these conditions require immediate assessment by a veterinarian.


• Fever: Fevers in kittens often are caused by infectious conditions. Fever increases kittens' fluid requirements and often depresses their appetite. Malnutrition and dehydration prove a dangerous combination. Kittens with a temperature greater than 103 degrees F. should be examined promptly.

Any of our readers who are cat owners should be in the proper position now to not only keep their cat healthy, but also make decisions about what to do when they see something that just doesn't look right with their cat.

NON-MEDICAL CONCERNS

The Humane Society of the United States has prepared this article about the benefits of training your dog with a head halter:

How to Use a Head Halter


"Whoa, Rover, whoa!" Sound familiar? If that's what it's like when you take your dog for a walk, you may want to consider getting a head halter. A head halter is a special kind of collar designed for dogs who like to pull their people when they walk. It consists of a strap that goes around your dog's nose and another strap that goes around his neck, just behind his ears. The leash fastens to the halter under the dog's chin to a ring that's also attached to the nose strap. When your dog begins to pull, the design of the head halter causes the dog's nose to be turned down and back toward you, which makes it physically difficult for him to continue pulling.

The head halter is a very humane method of restraint because it doesn't cause any pain. It works much better to stop a dog from pulling than a choke chain or prong collar. Some brand names of head halters include "Gentle Leader," "Promise Collar," and "Halti."

How Should It Fit?

The head halter must be fitted properly to be effective and comfortable for your dog. The neck strap should be as high up on your dog's neck as you can get it, just behind his ears. The strap should be just tight enough for you to fit one finger between it and your dog's neck. The nosepiece should be adjusted so that when your dog's mouth is closed, the nosepiece can slide down to where the skin begins on his nose—but not so loose that it can slide off the end of his nose. The nosepiece will sit naturally, just below your dog's eyes. Make sure that the metal ring to which the leash attaches is underneath his chin.

How Will Your Dog React?

Most dogs will resist a head halter at first. The amount of resistance varies for each dog. When you first put the head halter on, your dog may try to get it off by pawing at his nose or rubbing his nose on the ground, on you, or on anything he can get close to. The best strategy is to keep his head up and keep him moving by using positive verbal reinforcement and treats. Most dogs eventually accept head halters. When your dog associates the halter with going for a walk, he'll begin to react positively to it, and soon, both you and your dog will enjoy taking walks together!

Things to Remember

• Make sure the head halter is fitted properly.


• Fit the halter so that it is snug around your dog's neck and high behind his ears, but loose enough around his nose so that the nose strap can slide easily down to the fleshy part of his nose.


• Don't confuse the head halter with a muzzle.


• Keep in mind that a dog wearing a head halter can still eat, drink, pant, bark, and bite, if he chooses.


• Never use a hard jerk with the head halter.


• Never use the head halter with a retractable lead.


• Be sure your dog doesn't run quickly to the end of the lead; if he does, he may give himself a hard jerk.


• Outfit your dog with the head halter only during on-leash walks with you and/or when you're directly supervising him.


• Don't allow your dog to wear the head halter around the house; he'll have plenty of time to work at getting it off, and will eventually succeed.


• Read the information sheet that comes with your head halter.

©2002. Adapted from material originally developed by applied animal behaviorists at the Dumb Friends League, Denver, Colorado. All rights reserved.

PRODUCTS OF THE WEEK

1) The ad title says it all...Innovative (and quirky) pet products! Check out this web site from SuperZoo, look through the offerings, and let us know if you'd like to try any of these products: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/08/superzoos-innovative-and-quirky-pet-products/

Helpful Buckeye wonders just how many $125 pooper-picker-uppers will be under anyone's Christmas tree....

2) Summer may be finished but in some of the southern states, there will still be some warm days. This Swamp Cooler Vest may be just what you need for your dog.This vest works on the long-used principle of water carrying away heat from an object and might be a handy addition for next summer as well. Check it out at: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/02/vest-keeps-hot-dogs-cool/

GENERAL INTEREST

1) With all of the well-publicized TV programs such as "The Biggest Loser" and other weight loss shows, it was only a matter of time before someone came up with a similar program for house pets. This idea is being tried in England and will most likely be showing up here in the USA soon: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/05/pet-fit-club-helps-chubby-critters-shed-the-pounds/

2) Now that you all know how to keep your cat healthy, how well do you know your cat breeds? The Cat Fanciers' Association and the AKC have joined in offering this interesting quiz: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/02/how-well-do-you-know-your-cat-breeds/ From The New Yorker:

3) Another poll by the AKC is interested in which is your favorite dog in art or fashion. Answer the poll at: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/05/poll-which-is-your-favorite-dog-in-art-fashion/

4) Now that Gibson, the gigantic Great Dane in California, has died, there is a new pretender to the throne of "tallest" dog. Read about Boomer, a Newfoundland, and the claim his owners are staking with Guinness World Records: http://content.usatoday.com/communities/pawprintpost/post/2009/10/giant-dog-could-be-the-next-world-record-holder-/1

Not so fast, as Lee Corso would say. There is now another claim to that title from the owner of George, a Great Dane, down in Tucson. Read about George and you make the decision: http://azdailysun.com/articles/2009/10/11/news/state/20091011_arizo_205374.txt

5) We've talked about barking dogs and the problems they can cause in a neighborhood and between neighbors in several issues of Questions On Dogs and Cats: http://questionsondogsandcats.blogspot.com/search/label/Barking%20Dogs

Here's an interesting city ordinance that is being tried in Chicago: http://content.usatoday.com/communities/pawprintpost/post/2009/10/barking-dogs-draw-loud-complaints-in-chicago/1

6) How would you know if you have a budding artist masquerading as your pooch? Look at some of the paintings from this dog: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/08/painting-pups-when-dogs-let-loose-on-canvas/#

7) You've all heard about cats getting onto a car engine block to stay warm or dry and then having a problem when the engine is turned on. Here's an account of a kitten which did just that...but the owner of the vehicle found out about it and had to wait 2 days before being able to start his engine: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/08/kitten-rescue-operation-takes-two-days/

That kitten just used one of its nine lives!

SPORTS NEWS


This has been a great week for Helpful Buckeye's teams. The LA Dodgers swept the St. Louis Cardinals in the first round of the NL playoffs and now await the winner of the Rockies/Phillies series. Sweeping the Cardinals was unexpected, but that just made it all the sweeter!

The Pittsburgh Steelers won at Detroit, which wasn't a big surprise. I knew they would win the game because my cousin Jeff and his family went to the game...and Jeff would have gone onto the field if he felt the Steelers needed him!

PERSONAL STUFF

A couple of interesting quotes will finish this week's issue. The first, from Helen Keller: "Although the world is full of suffering, it is also full of the overcoming of it." What a sentiment! Helen Keller was undoubtedly thinking of humans when she said that, but it could just as easily apply to our pets. Let's all do what we can to overcome the suffering of our pets.

Secondly, Lin Yutang (1895-1976), Chinese writer, had this to say about taking it easy: "If you can spend a perfectly useless afternoon in a perfectly useless manner, you have learned how to live."

Hopefully, you have spent part of your "useless" afternoon reading this issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats. Helpful Buckeye will leave you with this nostalgic video by one of my favorite singers, John Mellencamp, who turned 58 this past Wednesday. Like John, I was born in a small town...and here's John to tell you the rest of the story: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VieJ9K_275M&feature=related

~~The goal of this blog is to provide general information and advice to help you be a better pet owner and to have a more rewarding relationship with your pet. This blog does not intend to replace the professional one-on-one care your pet receives from a practicing veterinarian. When in doubt about your pet's health, always visit a veterinarian.~~

DO YOU FEEL YOUR PETS' PAIN?

We all remember Presidential candidate Bill Clinton answering a question about people suffering from AIDS by saying, in early 1992, "I feel your pain." Empathetic humans frequently exhibit this trait as they relate to others who are suffering a distressing sensation in a part of their body, typically from an injury or illness. Since we usually understand what other humans are describing when they verbalize how they are feeling, the concept of PAIN is easier to comprehend in a human than it is in a cowering dog or a cat that insists on hiding. To be able to help our pets recover from painful experiences, injuries, or illnesses, we must first be able to recognize and understand the signs of pain that they might exhibit. Later on, in this issue of Questions On Dogs and Cats, Helpful Buckeye will discuss our feature topic of "Feeling Your Pets' Pain"...a must for every pet owner!Desperado and Helpful Buckeye just returned from a short trip that included a stop at the North Rim of the Grand Canyon. Signs of Fall were very much in evidence there, mainly due to the 8000 ft. elevation. The aspens were at their height of golden yellow and the overnight temperature dropped to 20 degrees. The cold temperatures seemed exaggerated by the fact that we had just been in Las Vegas and St. George, Utah 2-3 days earlier where the daytime temperature was 106 degrees!

The North Rim is different in many ways from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon--it's less commercialized and thus has fewer visitors, it is 1000 ft. higher in elevation, it is much more rustic in its architecture, and it has its own bison herd!

A final word on the transition from Summer into Fall comes from Faith Baldwin (1893-1978), American writer: "Autumn burned brightly, a running flame through the mountains, a torch flung to the trees."

For last week's poll question about any experience you might have had with an ear hematoma, we had 21 responses, either by actual voting or by e-mail. Ten readers had never had this happen to one of their pets, eight had it with their dog, 2 with their cat, and one unlucky person with both a dog and cat. Be sure to answer this week's poll question in the column to the left.

CURRENT NEWS OF INTEREST

The American Kennel Club has announced plans to include mixed-breed dogs in certain events being held by individual clubs around the USA. For a description of the benefits for the owners of mixed-breed dogs, the events being offered, and frequently-asked-questions, got to: http://www.akc.org/mixedbreeds/listing_info.cfm

These events will start taking place in the Spring of 2010.

DISEASES, AILMENTS, AND MEDICAL CONDITIONS

Feeling Your Pets' Pain

As different as humans can be at expressing their own levels or types of pain, a pet owner must realize that their dog or cat brings a whole new dynamic into the equation of you understanding what they are feeling and why. To be able to help your pet through a painful injury or disease, you must first be able to "feel your pets' pain"....

The International Veterinary Academy of Pain Management (IVAPM) has presented a very complete outline that should help all of our readers understand what to look for when trying to decide if your dog or cat is in pain, and to what degree. Helpful Buckeye has made a few modifications to make this a little easier to follow.

What Are The Signs Of Pain In Dogs And Cats?

The behavior and interactions of dogs and cats can be unique to the type of pain they are experiencing. Their reaction to pain is dependent upon their personality and the degree of pain they are experiencing. The characteristics listed below do not include everything that you may see, but the list gives you a general idea of what to look for if you think a dog or cat is in pain. Some of these characteristics (marked with an asterisk *) are also things you might see when a dog or cat is anxious or nervous or in poor health, which can make things confusing. Remember that there is no substitute for being familiar with an individual dog or cat in order to recognize how it shows pain. Also, you should know that cats are extremely good at hiding their pain until it becomes almost unbearable. For entries that apply only to cats, italics will be used.

Posture

• Hunched back


• Guarding (protecting) the painful area


• “Praying” position (front legs and head on floor, hindquarters in the air)


• Sitting or laying abnormally


• Attempting to rest in an abnormal position


• Head hanging down *

Movement

• Stiff


• Bearing no or partial weight on affected limb


• Any degree of limp


• Thrashing and restless *


• Trembling or shaking *


• Weak tail wag or low carriage of tail *


• Limited or no movement when awake *


• Slow to rise *

Vocalization

• Screaming


• Whining


• Crying


• Barking or growling *


• Lack of vocalization (no greeting bark or noise) *


• Hissing or growling, especially if you touch a painful area


• No noise of greeting or wanting to be fed

Behavior

• Agitated *


• Poor or no grooming *


• Decreased or absent appetite *


• Dull *


• Inappropriate urination or defecation, or not moving away from it *


• Acts out of character (gentle dogs may bite or become aggressive) *


• Licking wound or surgical site *


• Hyperventilation (rapid shallow breathing)


• Sleeping excessively


• Aggressive or playful cats may become docile or quiet


• Hiding or retreating to quiet areas of the house for long periods of time
  

What Causes Pain In Dogs And Cats?

Just like with people, different kinds of stimuli or injury can cause different levels of pain in dogs and cats. Below are some examples of things that may cause pain. These items are listed according to what level of pain characterizes them. This list does not include all things that cause pain, but it will give you an idea of what to look for in your dog or cat. Remember that not every animal reacts the same way, and these categories are not concrete separations of how pain is felt. We can only try to anticipate, based on clinical experience, what the pet is feeling.

Irritating or mild pain

• Dried blood or urine scald


• Clipper burns or cuts


• Intravenous (IV) catheterization


• Full bladder, needing to urinate or defecate


• Minor cuts or scrapes


• Anal gland evacuation


• Surgery or other procedures on the eyelid (eyelash removal, eyelid surgery)

Mild to moderate pain

• Endoscopy with biopsy


• Dental cleaning with or without tooth extraction


• Muscle biopsies


• Stabilized fractures of smaller leg bones (tibia/fibula, radius/ulna)


• Surgeries of the lower abdomen (castration, spay, urinary bladder surgery)

Moderate to severe pain

• Small areas of burns or ulcerations


• Corneal ulcers


• Eye removal


• Surgery of the mid and lower spine, including disc surgery


• Declawing procedures (dewclaw removal in dogs)


• Stabilized fractures of larger leg bones (femur, humerus) or pelvis


• Mastectomy (breast tissue removal)


• Surgeries of the upper abdomen (diaphragmatic hernia, abdominal exploratory)

Severe pain

• Large areas of burns or ulcerations


• Infections within the abdomen (peritonitis, pancreatitis)


• Surgeries of the neck, including disc surgery


• Procedures in the nose (endoscopy)


• Leg amputations


• Surgery of the chest (opening the chest cavity)
  

What Are Some Treatments For Pain In Dogs And Cats?

Treatments can vary from simple physical therapy to complicated drug combinations. Working together with your veterinarian will be important in determining the most appropriate treatment plan for your dog or cat. Remember that there are two major categories of pain that you might encounter: acute and chronic. Acute pain occurs with trauma and surgery while chronic pain is associated with things like arthritis and cancer. The types of therapy you can use will often depend on whether the dog or cat is experiencing acute or chronic pain as well as the level or degree of pain. Listed below are some of the treatments available.

Acute pain treatments (associated with surgery or trauma)

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDS


• Steroids (dexamethasone, prednisone, prednisolone)


• Local anesthetics (lidocaine)


• Opiates and their derivatives (morphine, Torbugesic®, fentanyl patches)--mainly for dogs


• Acupuncture


• Heated cage or warm blankets to prevent trembling and muscle tension


• Plenty of comfortable bedding and quiet area for recovery


• Splinting or other support of fractured legs


• Urinary catheterization for animals unable to move or urinate normally


• General nursing care including cleaning, grooming, and petting

Chronic pain treatments (associated with arthritis, cancer, etc.)

• Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDS


• Steroids (prednisone)


• Opiates and their derivatives (morphine, Torbugesic®)--mainly for dogs


• Neurectomy (removal of part or all of a nerve) or other therapeutic surgery


• Radiation therapy (cancer)


• Acupuncture


• Physical therapy (massage, range-of-motion exercises)


• Heat or cold packs


• Limited low-impact exercise when appropriate (mostly for dogs)


• Comfortable bedding with plenty of support


• General nursing care including cleaning, grooming, and petting


• Weight management for obese animals with arthritis

To help you better decide "Is Your Pet In Pain?", take a few minutes and listen to this very informative video produced by the IVAPM and Washington State University: http://www.ivapm.org/site/view/121596_AnimalPain.pml?#video

Hopefully, this review will help dog and cat owners be able to better evaluate their pets' actions in terms of "are they feeling pain or not?" If you are able to feel their pain, you will be able to make the right decision about whether or not to seek further help. In the words of Will Rogers: "Pain is such an uncomfortable feeling that even a tiny amount of it is enough to ruin every enjoyment."

NON-MEDICAL CONCERNS

When you lose much of your strength or mobility, simple tasks like walking a dog or cleaning a cat's litter box can seem overwhelming. And if your immune system is weakened by HIV/AIDS, cancer, kidney or liver disease, old age, or pregnancy, you must take extra precautions to avoid disease-causing agents that any human or animal—including pets—can transmit. So begins a recent report from The Humane Society of the United States on Caring For Your Pet When You're Ill. The rest of the report follows:

Yet living with an illness or immunocompromising condition doesn't mean you have to live without your beloved pet. And, in most cases, you need not give up your pet. After all, research indicates that companion animals enhance immune functioning by decreasing stress levels and increasing levels of self confidence and self esteem. Pets provide us with a source of affection, support, and acceptance; enable us to feel needed and valued; and ease the pain, sorrow, and loneliness often experienced during illness.

That's why, for someone with a serious medical condition, the psychological and physical benefits of pet caregiving usually outweigh the risk of acquiring an illness from the pet—provided that proper precautions are followed.

How could pets increase my risk? Although pets can do wonders for our physical and mental well being, they can get and transmit disease. To minimize the risk your pet poses to your health, you must minimize the risks to your pet's health. The key is to understand how best to care for your pet and to work with your veterinarian to keep your pet healthy.
Certain pets are more challenging than others. For example, many exotic animals, such as reptiles, are more likely than dogs and cats to transmit certain diseases, requiring owners to take extra precautions. (The HSUS, in fact, recommends that exotic animals not be kept as pets.) Likewise, puppies and kittens may be more susceptible to disease and prone to play-oriented nipping and scratching. And new pets may come with incomplete or unknown medical histories. This does not mean that you have to give up your playful puppy or can't get a new pet. It simply means that you need to rely on a veterinarian or animal shelter adoption counselor to advise you on appropriate pet selection and care.
No pet is guaranteed to be or remain disease-free. But your veterinarian can suggest preventive guidelines to keep a pet healthy, test your pet for parasites and other problems, and provide medical care to help a sick pet recover. And you can minimize risks for you and your pet by keeping your animal indoors, making sure he's well fed and groomed, and taking him to the veterinarian for vaccinations and annual check-ups.

What can I do to protect myself?

• If you have a compromised immune system, follow these precautions:


• Wash your hands after handling a pet.


• Wear rubber gloves when changing a litter box or cleaning up after a pet, and wash your hands afterwards.


• Keep your pet's nails short to minimize scratches.


• Follow your veterinarian's advice on keeping your pet free of fleas and ticks.


• Keep your pet indoors and use a leash outdoors to prevent your pet from hunting, scavenging, fighting, and engaging in other activities that expose him to other animals and disease.


• Feed your pet commercial pet food.


• Keep your pet's living and feeding areas clean.


• Keep your pet's vaccinations up to date.


• Seek veterinary care immediately for a sick pet.

What can I do to meet my pet's basic needs? If your condition makes everyday pet care too challenging, you'll need to find outside assistance to make sure your pet gets the food, grooming, exercise, and general care he needs. When relatives, friends, and neighbors can't help, a nonprofit pet assistance organization may be able to lend a hand. Typically, these organizations help HIV-infected pet owners by providing everything from emergency foster care and animal transportation to dog walking, pet grooming, and litter box cleaning services. If you can use this assistance, ask local veterinarians, animal shelters, physicians, health care clinics, social service agencies, veterinary schools, and libraries to refer you to resources in your community.

PRODUCT OF THE WEEK

The folks at Cardboard Accessories have this to say about cardboard: Cats find corrugated cardboard totally irresistible. Not only is it great for kitty to scratch and nap on, it's eco-friendly as well! Cardboard cat items are made from recycled materials, so once your feline has loved it to pieces, you can just toss it in the recycling bin one more time. Check out these incredible cardboard creations from some of the top designers of cat products. Go to their web site to view the unusual and different creations: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/09/29/moderncats-modern-finds-cardboard-accessories/# and click on the arrows.

GENERAL INTEREST

1) OK, now we've heard it all! Recently, there was an article in the Arizona Republic about a dating service...for dogs. That's right, you can sign up online to go and meet a dog partner for your dog. Check out their web site: http://www.findmydogadate.com/

Maybe I'm just a little bit cynical, but it really sounds like a way for dog owners to meet other dog owners!

2) Several weeks ago, Helpful Buckeye listed a web site at which you could vote for the best "Dog Days of Summer Video" as provided by the ASPCA. The winner has been chosen and you can watch this short video at: http://www.aspca.org/news/video-contests/summer-video-contest.html Our Pug owners will really like this one!

3) Ever wonder what you could do to keep your cat off the kitchen counter? This video was filmed just to show something that is funny, but...Helpful Buckeye thinks a few exposures to this situation would keep any cat off the counter: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/09/30/cat-toaster-lol/

4) Helpful Buckeye vowed last year to not talk much about pet costuming for Halloween, but...a lot of our readers have sent in photos of their pets in costumes. So, in the interest of "news coverage," here is a web site where you can send your photos of your pets in their best costumes: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/01/we-want-to-see-your-pet-costumes/


5) With the increasing popularity of the AKC's Westminster Dog Show, here is a very enjoyable article about the efforts of a Glen of Imaal Terrier and her owner to reach the hallowed dog show in NYC: http://www.pawnation.com/2009/10/02/curry-a-dogs-quest-to-make-it-to-the-westminster-kennel-club-d/

SPORTS NEWS

The Los Angeles Dodgers finally won a game last night and clinched the divisional title. This last 10 games has not been pretty--losing 7 of 9 games to the 3 worst teams in the National League. Whether this lethargy will carry into the playoffs remains to be seen. Even more of a problem is that we're in line to play the St. Louis Cardinals in the first round, a team that has handled us easily this year.

The Pittsburgh Steelers play the San Diego Chargers tonight and the game won't be completed by our publishing time. The Steelers have lost 2 games in a row, falling apart in the 4th quarter of each game. Is this still the afterglow of being the Super Bowl champion or are we just not very good this year?

PERSONAL STUFF

Saturday, 3 October, 25-35 MPH gusts and swirling, tough bike ride....

Sunday, 4 October, 35-45 MPH gusts and rain...fortunately for Helpful Buckeye, this was my racquetball day...indoors!

A second quote from Faith Baldwin for this week has to do with TIME, a commodity of which some of us have too much and some of us have too little: "Time is a dressmaker, specializing in alterations." And what we do with those alterations determines a lot about who we are....

When those alterations involve a friendship, Truman Capote offers this advice: "Friendship is a pretty full-time occupation if you really are friendly with somebody."

~~The goal of this blog is to provide general information and advice to help you be a better pet owner and to have a more rewarding relationship with your pet. This blog does not intend to replace the professional one-on-one care your pet receives from a practicing veterinarian. When in doubt about your pet's health, always visit a veterinarian.~~