Now that we're getting closer to Election Day, the Presidential debates have begun. These debates usually draw a lot of attention, although perhaps not from everyone. This "viewer" apparently has decided he's had enough....
Any dog or cat owner who has sat in the waiting room or reception area of a veterinary hospital for any length of time has heard (and seen) a lot of unusual pet stories from other clients waiting with them. Even if you thought your reason for the visit to the vet was a tad unusual, there almost always seems to be a better story sitting next to you. Taking this thought one step further, think about the veterinarian who is there seeing clients all day, and you begin to understand why a veterinarian's day usually packs a lot of interesting and unusual pet problems into it.
Sure, there will be the annual check-ups, vaccination boosters, puppy exams, worm/parasite checks, anal gland cleanings, and nail trims that contribute to the normal ebb and flow of visitors. However, as important as these visits are to the general overall health of the pets involved and to the veterinary practice, it's the unusual things that make each day different and potentially exciting.
A lot of the unusual nature of veterinary visits occurs because of some type of behavioral pattern that the pet's owner does not comprehend. And, the rest of the visits are usually related to something the owner either did or shouldn't have done. How many of these stories have you encountered while sitting in the veterinary hospital waiting room?
The 5 Ws of Weird Dog Behavior
I once knew a woman whose dog loved to eat grass.
Now, many dogs love eating grass, but this woman stands out in my memory
because she asked all the right questions about her dog's strange behavior. She
thought about it, read about it and when she came into my office with the dog,
she told me just enough details to make it easy for me to reassure her that her
dog was fine.
I get a lot of questions that start with the words
"My dog is acting weird..." If you feel your dog is acting out of the
ordinary, ask yourself some questions about his behavior. You may be surprised
at how much better you understand your dog is you just give a moment to the 5
Ws.
Why is my dog acting "weird?"
This is the main question you're trying to answer.
We know our dogs so well that when they start acting even a little out of the
ordinary, we notice it. It worries us. But sometimes a dog behaving strangely
is not cause for concern and can be explained easily.
What is strange about my dog's behavior?If you only
ask yourself one question, ask this one. This is the information you will need
to share with your vet, or whoever you turn to for advice. In the case of the
woman I mentioned earlier, her dog was not just eating grass: he was gulping it
down and then sometimes throwing up afterward. It is this latter part that
worried her. Was something in the grass poisoning her dog?
When and where is my dog displaying the strange
behavior?
If your usually quiet dog starts whining every time
he sees a particular item, you can deduce that the behavior is connected to the
item somehow. This is true for many other behaviors. Many times dogs change
their behavior when they are stressed out. Excessive yawning, for instance, can
mean your dog is feeling anxious. Keeping a close eye on when and where your
dog is when he acts strange can help you figure out what is making him act that
way.
The grass eating dog's owner noticed that the dog
was not picky about where or when he ate grass. But she also noticed that he
was only throwing up if he ate it on their morning walk, about half an hour
after her dog usually ate. Now that she had all this information, it was time
to take it to someone who could help her.
Who can I turn to for help?
First and foremost,
you can turn to your vet. Your veterinarian knows a lot about your dog (and
about dogs in general, of course!) so he or she should be the first person you
go to it you are worried about your dog acting strange. If the information you've
gathered about your dog's strange behavior is still worrying, your vet will be
able to use that information to come up with a reason for your dogs problem or
behavior. Your vet can also check if your dog's strange behavior is caused by
something more serious like an illness.
Adapted from: http://view.petplace.com/?j=fe5f1574746d057a7216&m=feff1273766004&ls=fde31c747c6d017b71127975&jb=ffcf14
Tail Chasing in Dogs
By: Dr. Nicholas Dodman
Have you ever felt you were "chasing your own
tail"? In other words, you're feverishly trying to accomplish something,
but actually not getting anything done. The expression, of course, is derived
from the seemingly pointless activity that dogs engage in every now and again.
A Genetic Disposition
Tail chasing tends to be confined to certain breeds,
which is evidence in support of a genetic predisposition. One study showed that
the vast majority of tail-chasing dogs were of bull terrier or German shepherd
lineage. A detailed study of bull terriers suggests that the disorder is
transmitted via recessive genes. Although genetic in origin, environmental
stress plays an important role in promoting the expression of the disorder. It
is quite possible that a susceptible dog may not chase his tail at all if his
environment is ideal, and that a dog without the genetic susceptibility may
never chase his tail even under the most extreme environmental provocation.
Environmental Influences
Conflict underlies tail chasing in dogs. Conflict
can take the form of confinement, social isolation, adversarial situations with
people or other animals, and lack of opportunity to perform species-typical
behavior. If a susceptible bull terrier is kept crated for many hours a day and
deprived of social contact, especially when young, it is quite likely that he
may erupt into tail chasing behavior of some level. Conversely, removing an
affected dog from a stressful situation may reduce or eliminate the behavior.
The exact expression of tail chasing varies
considerably between individuals. Some may only tail chase mildly and with
little enthusiasm. Owners may accept an explanation that this is just
"normal" behavior for the breed. Other dogs are affected so extremely
that they chase their tails practically non-stop, running in tight circles, and
snapping at the tips of their tails. Self-injury can result if the dog actually
catches his tail. Bull terriers have been known to wear off their back pads by
continuous tail chasing as they pivot around on their hind feet. Tail chasers
of this degree pause only to grab a mouthful of food or to sleep and are
clearly seriously dysfunctional. They seem to have no pleasure or interest in
life other than chasing their tails and make poor pets as they display little
or no wish for social interactions.
Tail chasing may begin as a "displacement
behavior." The dog finds himself in some dilemma he can't resolve, and
displaces his anxiety into a behavior that has nothing to do with the problem.
Tail chasing is believed to derive from dogs' natural predatory instincts. They
may see their tail as something that isn't part of them, and something worth
chasing and catching. Chasing the tail may provide dogs some relief from their
conflict because it fills a behavioral vacuum.
Tail chasing may start gradually and build up to
high pitch or it may begin suddenly at an intense level. The majority of cases
start when the dog is pre-pubertal (around 4 or 5 months of age) or adolescent
(6 to 9 months of age). Some dogs start suddenly later in life, often as a
result of some acute incident of stress. Typical precipitating factors include
an incident of trauma to the tail, neuter surgery, or a geographical move. Some
dogs start for no apparent reason other than the fact that their freedom is
curtailed.
Dogs exhibiting compulsive tail chasing often have
other compulsive behaviors. For example, bull terriers may also pace in wide
circles or show compulsive behavior towards objects such as tennis balls.
Affected German shepherds often engage in compulsive
pacing and circling behavior, too, including running in large figure eights. A
tail chaser that is physically prevented from tail chasing is likely to
displace into some other repetitive compulsive behavior.
How to Treat Tail Chasing
• Lifestyle enrichment program, including increased
exercise, a healthy diet and clear communication with owners.
• Provide the dog increased opportunities to perform
species-typical behaviors, particularly chasing and fetching. This can be
achieved via various sporting exercises e.g. flyball, Frisbee, long walks
through fields, and playing fetch.
• Alleviate oppressive circumstances (e.g. excessive
periods of confinement).
• Medication. Any of the human anti-obsessional
drugs will likely reduce or sometimes eliminate the tail chasing behavior in
dogs. Drugs such as fluoxetine (Prozac®), paroxetine (Paxil®), sertraline
(Zoloft®), and clomipramine (Clomicalm®) have all been found effective.
Unfortunately, these drugs alone are not always effective in tail chasing and
sometimes augmentation strategies have to be employed. In German shepherds, the
addition of the anti-convulsant, phenobarbital, to an anti-obsessional drug
regimen is often helpful.
• Amputation of the
tail is almost invariably ineffective in resolving this problem.
You can imagine a pet owner describing this behavior while sitting in the waiting room. Other pet owners would be thrilled to not have this problem to deal with...but then again, this is just part of another day for the veterinarian.
5 Tips to Stop Your Dog From Digging
How on
earth do you stop your dog from digging holes in your garden, lawn and flower
bed? The good news is that you don't have to live on a gopher hill. Use these
tips to level the playing field!
Pay attention to the obvious. A bored dog will dig for the mere pleasure of expending energy. Exercise your dog, supply him with chew toys, and provide regular activities to deter him from digging. During warm weather, dogs dig for comfort. The earth is cool and they lie on it to reduce body heat. Make sure that your dog has fresh water and shaded rest area. By instinct, dogs will bury bones and treats. When you distribute these goodies, control the food supply and make sure that excess food items are not smuggled into the backyard.
Research the breed before you buy a dog. If you're looking to adopt a dog and you're worried about digger damage, the solution is simple: Do some research and steer clear of breeds that are predisposed to digging. To some degree, all dogs dig, but some breeds are designed for the task, such as Border collies, cairn terriers, dachshunds and basenjis. As a general rule, smart dogs dig out of boredom, rodent hunters dig out of instinct, and bird dogs dig to bury food.
Another unpleasant behavior that most dog owners have had to deal with at one time or another is the dog that loves to jump up against people. This also prompts many visits to the vet.
Help! The Dog Is Jumping on Guests
From: Mary Burch, American Kennel Club Canine Good Citizen Director and Paw Nation's expert columnist addressing your questions on animal behavior. Dr. Burch has over 25 years of experience working with dogs, and she is one of fewer than 50 Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists based in the United States. She is the author of 10 books, including the new official book on the AKC Canine Good Citizen Program, "Citizen Canine: 10 Essential Skills Every Well-Mannered Dog Should Know."
It does sound like you have a rambunctious pooch on
your hands. The reason your grandpup is jumping is because he's eager to see
you and meet visitors, and he has been allowed to do this in the past. The
great news is that poodles are fast learners, so with some training sessions at
home, your granddog should master good manners soon.
I would suggest this training approach:
Don't Reward the Jumping
The poodle's
reward has been having contact and attention from the person on whom he is
jumping. Don't give him this pleasure. If he jumps up, simply turn your body
away before he can get his paws on you. Walk away if he persists. Don't talk to
him and don't look at him. When he is calm, praise and talk to him using a
quiet voice. You are teaching him that jumping won't get him the attention he
craves.
Adapted from: http://www.pawnation.com/2010/06/23/ask-the-akc-animal-behaviorist-%20training-dog-not-%20to-%20jump-on-guests/
Moving from behavioral-type concerns to those closer to the medical part of the spectrum, we have the unusual situation of the "Reverse Sneeze".
Understanding Reverse Sneezing in Dogs
Reverse sneezing, also known as paroxysmal
respiration or pharyngeal gag reflex, is common in dogs. Reverse sneezing is
not actually a sneeze at all. Reverse sneezing is a spasm that occurs when the
soft palate and throat become irritated.
Most dogs may develop this problem with age, but
some can have this condition their entire lives. Reverse sneezing is not a
serious condition, and it rarely requires treatment.
Recognizing Reverse Sneezing
During a spasm, dogs will extend their neck while
gasping with a loud, forceful snorting sound. They usually turn their elbows
outward and their eyes may bulge. The trachea becomes narrow and it's more
difficult to get a normal amount of air into the lungs. The chest expands as
the dog tries harder to inhale.
Some owners may think their dog is choking,
suffocating or even having a seizure during an episode, as the reverse sneezing
may sound like the dog is inhaling sneezes. Each episode usually lasts two
minutes or less, and normally end on their own and pose no threat to your dog's
health.
Dogs appear normal both before and after an episode,
with no after effects. Dogs do not lose consciousness, nor do they collapse.
This phenomenon is usually harmless and, in most cases, does not require
medical treatment.
Causes
Pharyngeal spasms can be caused by various types of
irritants and even some dog allergies. Dust, pollen, mites, household chemicals
and cleaners, perfumes, viruses, nasal inflammation and post-nasal drip are
some causes. Some triggers of reverse sneezing are rapid eating or drinking,
exercise intolerance, pulling on the leash and excitement. It's possible that
sinusitis and other respiratory disorders cause episodes.
This condition is more common in small dogs,
although any breed can experience it. Short-faced breeds such as Bulldogs,
Boxers, Pugs, Boston Terriers and Shih Tzus are more prone to reverse sneezing.
A genetic factor is suspected to be involved with these smaller breeds.
Treatment
Antihistamines are given if allergies are the root
problem. Your veterinarian may use drugs if mites are in the laryngeal area.
Gently massaging your dogs throat may help to stop
the spasms. Covering the nostrils is sometimes effective because it makes the
dog swallow, which can clear out whatever is causing the irration. Try
depressing the dog's tongue if the episode does not end quickly, as this will
open the mouth and aid in moving air through the nasal passages. Distract your
dog by taking him outside for some fresh air. Offer him something to eat or
drink.
The nasal passages and throat should be examined by
your veterinarian if episodes become more severe or more frequent.
Adapted from: http://www.vetinfo.com/reverse-sneezing-dogs.html
Many of you have either seen this happen to your own dogs or have heard other dog owners describe it, haven't you? As the description points out, a reverse sneeze is nothing to sneeze at, but usually it's nothing to worry about either.
Weird Stuff Dogs Eat
Owners fill bowls with nutritious food to keep dogs
healthy. So why do dogs eat weird, disgusting and even dangerous stuff?
Dogs use their mouths the way we use our hands. They
pick up objects and explore their world by mouthing, tasting, and chewing. That
sometimes gets them into trouble if they swallow something they shouldn't.
Adapted from: http://www.pawnation.com/2011/09/20/weird-stuff-dogs-eat/?icid=maing-grid10%7Chtmlws-main-bb%7Cdl3%7Csec1_lnk3%7C98598
...and it's exactly this behavior that leads to most of the stories you hear abour really unusual things dogs have tried to eat.
The dog that ate 100 rocks -- and lived to bark
about
it
And that's just one of many notable edibles that
vied for the Hambone Award, which one pet insurer bestows for its most unusual
claim.
Pets do the darnedest things, but that’s why we love
them. For every shoe that my dog Lulu has destroyed, she also has provided
hours of much-needed cuddle time. I still miss those green suede pumps she ate
— and it seems that I’m not alone in lamenting lost inventory. Each year,
Veterinary Pet Insurance compiles a list of the unusual ingestion claims for
its annual Hambone Award. The dubious title honors a dog that got stuck in its
owner’s refrigerator and ate an entire Thanksgiving ham before being
discovered. Here are a few notable items consumed last year. In some cases,
names have been omitted to protect the guilty.
100 rocks
Harley the pug secured the 2011 Hambone Award after
consuming 100 rocks during his stay at a veterinary boarding facility. His owner knew there was a problem when
the pooch kept pooping rocks. A visit to the emergency clinic led to the
discovery of pebbles clogging Harley’s pipes.
He passed the rocks without requiring surgery,
earning a bronze ham-shaped trophy, treats and an emergency pet kit. It’s a
good reminder to create your own pet first-aid kit, complete with the number to
your nearest after-hours veterinarian.
Dead porcupine
Sometimes dogs like to veer off the beaten trail and
find their own adventures. That didn’t disturb pet owner Brian Handwerk until
his dog Scooby started throwing up quills, as in potentially fatal porcupine
quills. Next time, we recommend stocking up on Scooby snacks.
Package of fluorescent light bulbs
Compact fluorescent bulbs require much less energy
than their incandescent counterparts. But consuming a package of these green
bulbs isn’t so bright.
Deer antlers
ASPCA dog trainer Kristen Collins recommends
investing in a variety of chew toys to promote good dental health and prevent
destructive behavior. Even though deer antlers have gained popularity as
“green” chew toys, she says that pets should be monitored during playtime.
“Supervise your dog really closely the first few
times that she is chewing anything,” she warns, because broken pieces can
present a choking hazard. They also can be dangerous if ingested.
A cassette tape
One-foot-long metal hanger
Boredom is a common cause for destruction, says
animal trainer Kristen Collins of the American Society for the Prevention of
Cruelty to Animals. Mental and physical exercise can keep dogs and cats on the
path to good behavior.
She recommends five to 10 minutes of playtime for
frisky felines. Interactive toys also keep pets mentally stimulated.
Cellphone case
Train pets to avoid potentially dangerous items.
Collins is a proponent of the “drop it” command. If your dog has something it
its mouth, say “Drop it” and show a high-value treat. As soon as your dog drops
the item, offer praise and give the treat. Repeat this step a few times before
moving on to the next stage of saying the command without showing the treat
every time.
Since most cats don’t respond to bribery, Collins
says it’s important to be vigilant about keeping their environment safe. Remove
items they are likely to find chew-worthy and stock up on cat grass or other
alternatives.
Dental retainer
If it’s small enough
for pets to swallow, it should be placed far beyond their reach. Foreign body
ingestion can require costly — and preventable — emergency surgery.
Adapted from: http://www.mnn.com/family/pets/stories/the-dog-that-ate-100-rocks-and-lived-to-bark-about-it
Zinc Toxicity in Dogs
By: Dr. Douglas Brum
Zinc toxicity is a fairly uncommon disorder that is
caused by the ingestion of zinc-containing foreign bodies and is most commonly
seen in young dogs. Zinc is directly irritating to the stomach lining so it may
cause gastrointestinal irritation.
The most common causes of zinc toxicity include
ingestion of:
- Pennies minted after 1982. Pennies minted after 1982 have a significantly higher concentration of zinc than pennies minted in 1982 or before. If the copper coating of the penny is broken, the toxicity is increased since the gastric acid can reach the zinc center of the penny causing a rapid absorption of the zinc.
- Zinc nuts and bolts, which can be found in transport cages.
- Galvanized metals
- Zinc-containing ointments (e.g. zinc oxide ointment)
- Zinc game pieces from board games
What to Watch
For:
- Vomiting
- Diarrhea
- Lack of appetite
- Lethargy
- Pale gums
With continued exposure a potentially fatal blood
disorder may arise. Zinc interferes with copper and iron utilization in the
production of red blood cells. This can lead to a hemolytic anemia in which the
red blood cells are destroyed by the body itself since they are abnormal. You
will probably notice a pale and often jaundiced (yellow) color to the gums and
skin and a brownish, orange color to the urine. High levels of zinc may also
cause acute kidney failure.
A toxic dose for a typical dog may be as few as 1 to
3 pennies (50 to 100 mg/kg). After diagnosing this problem, your veterinarian will need to move quickly on the treatment.
Treatment
Treatment of zinc toxicity is aimed at removing the
initiating cause from the dog's gastrointestinal tract and providing supportive care.
Home Care and Prevention
Optimal treatment requires a combination of home and
professional veterinary care. Administer all prescribed medications, such as
penicillamine, as directed by your veterinarian. If there was significant
vomiting or diarrhea, you may need to give your pet a bland diet to help
restore normal bowel function.
Follow up appointments may be required to monitor
the blood for improvement of anemia. However, you should expect continued
improvement at home. If your dog is not improving, you should contact your
veterinarian to arrange for a further evaluation.
You can prevent zinc toxicity by prevent exposure to
any zinc-containing objects. Put coins safely away in areas inaccessible to
animals, and do not encourage or allow animals to chew on their travel cages.
If you think you dog has eaten any zinc containing
items, contact your veterinarian. He or she might recommend that vomiting be
induced. Prompt treatment may prevent more serious illness in the future.
How many of you even knew this could be a problem? Bet a lot of you have pennies laying around the house or in your car...right where your dog could pick them up.
This story truly qualifies as being "Very Unusual"....
Local Vet Comes To The Rescue After Woman
Finds Cat
Shot With Arrow
TEMPLE, TX (October 3, 2012)—A cat that survived for at
least three days without food and water after someone shot an arrow through its
nose was recovering Wednesday, thanks to a Temple woman and the veterinarian to
whom she went for help. The arrow
entered the cat’s right nostril, went through the roof of its mouth, knocked
out a fang, split the tongue and left a hole in the animal’s throat, neck and
side, said Temple veterinarian Dr. Keith Gudgel.
Salon worker Christine Schiller found the cat in the
parking lot when she arrived Tuesday morning for work at Styles and Files at
2215 Airport Rd. "It took me a few
moments to realize what it was...it was an arrow in its mouth," Schiller
said.
She walked to the nearby Temple Veterinary Hospital
of Western Hills at 2312 West Adams Ave. and moments later returned with
Gudgel. They found the cat stuck between
some brushes, removed it and took it to the Gudgel’s clinic.
"In my 22 years as a vet, I've never seen
anything this dramatic," said Gudgel, a 1968 Texas A&M College of
Veterinary Medicine graduate and Army veteran who’s practiced at Western Hills
for more than two decades. Gudgel
removed the arrow and treated the wounds, from which the cat is expected to
recover. "God's got other plans for
this kitty,” he said.
The cat, which has been nicknamed “Arrow Kitty,” was
resting Wednesday night after undergoing additional surgery.
The cat’s story
captured the hearts of local animal lovers, some of whom have stopped buy to
visit, make donations and add their names to the list of those who’d like to
adopt "Arrow Kitty."
Adapted from: http://www.kwtx.com/home/headlines/Local-Vet-Comes-To-The-Rescue-After-Woman-Finds-Cat-Shot-With-Arrow--172571171.html
The last "Unusual" visit to the vet would most likely set tongues wagging for those sitting in the waiting room....
Colorado Vets See Spike In Cases Of
‘StonerDogs’
DENVER (CBS4) – The popularity of medical marijuana
in Colorado has had an unintended side effect — dogs getting stoned, sometimes
with deadly results.
Some people firmly believe that if medical marijuana
helps people, it also helps their pets, but that’s not always the case.
Marijuana can be harmful and sometimes toxic for dogs. New research shows medical marijuana, the number of dogs getting sick from pot is spiking.
“They basically have lost a lot of their fine motor
control, they have a wide-based stance and they are not sure on their feet,”
said Dr. Debbie Van Pelt of VRCC, the Veterinary Specialty and Emergency
Hospital in Englewood.
Vets say they used to see dogs high on marijuana
just a few times a year. Now pet owners bring in doped-up dogs as many as five
times a week.
“There are huge spikes in the frequency of marijuana
ingestion in places where it’s become legal,” Van Pelt said.
Colorado is one of those places. Most of the time veterinarians say dogs get
the medical marijuana by eating their owners food products that are laced with
marijuana that were left out in the open. More and more dispensaries sell those
kinds of products.
“I just want dogs, kids to be safe. It needs to be
treated like any other drug. If you came home with a prescription of vicodin
from your doctor you wouldn’t just leave it sitting there,” veterinarian Dr.
Stacy Meola said.
Meola is a veterinarian at a Wheat Ridge clinic. She
coordinated a five-year study that shows the number of dogs sickened by
marijuana has quadrupled in Colorado since medical marijuana was legalized.
Most dogs survive, but not all.
“Two dogs, however, got into baked goods with
medical grade marijuana butter in it, which presumably seems to be more toxic
to the dogs, so we did have two deaths,” Meola said.
That’s the exception. Most of the time the dogs will
end up showing symptoms such as staggering, acting lethargic, vomiting, and
being overly sensitive to sound and light. Sometimes they fall into a coma.
It’s the doggie equivalent of a “bad trip.” After treatment most are back to
normal within 24 hours.
While many dog owners think it’s funny to get their
dogs stoned and have posted videos of their stoned dogs, Colorado veterinarians
say there’s nothing funny about dogs on dope.
“We need people to realize it is potentially toxic
and potentially fatal to their pets,” Van Pelt said.
Veterinarians say
frequently when the sick dogs come in, their owners are reluctant to admit
medical marijuana might have been the cause. They say if that’s a possible
factor, tell the vet right away and they can more quickly treat the dog.
Adapted from: http://denver.cbslocal.com/2012/10/01/colorado-vets-see-spike-in-cases-of-stoner-dogs/
As the Beatles song goes, "...a day in the life".
As usual, any questions or comments can be sent to: dogcatvethelp@gmail.com or posted in the comment section below.
As usual, any questions or comments can be sent to: dogcatvethelp@gmail.com or posted in the comment section below.
SPORTS NEWS
The Pittsburgh Steelers had to come from behind, by kicking a field goal, with only 3 seconds remaining to beat the Philadelphia Eagles today. That evens our record at 2-2 and keeps us close behind the Ravens. However, we'll still have to play better than we did today.
PERSONAL STUFF
Helpful Buckeye and a good friend took a long bike ride through part of the Coconino National Forest this past week which included a stopover at Fisher Point...an impressive view. It was a perfect fall day and we saw a lot of beautiful deciduous leaf colors among the conifers.
Saw my first tarantula of the fall season on Saturday while bike riding. The males are out and about, looking for a welcoming female.
Desperado and Helpful Buckeye got a good head start on OktoberFest activities this past week with brats, sauerkraut, and polka music (courtesy of Frankie Yankovic and the Yanks). We've got plans for at least 2 more versions before the end of the month!
For the popular rendition of The Pennsylvania Polka, as heard in the movie Groundhog Day, go to: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yeb08cbUswk
~~The goal of this blog is to provide general information and advice to help you be a better pet owner and to have a more rewarding relationship with your pet. This blog does not intend to replace the professional one-on-one care your pet receives from a practicing veterinarian. When in doubt about your pet's health, always visit a veterinarian.~~
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Fantastic Cigar…Rick Rodriguez….The Best!!!
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